Explain this useful fiction, and how Hobbes uses it to justify a social contract.
Please answer the questions as best as you can.
TEXTBOOK for the class: Philosophy: The Search for Truth by Louis Pojman and Lewis Vaughn (Oxford University Press, 2014), 9th edition, 10th edition, or 11th edition. ISBN: 978-0-19-998108-3
Here are the questions…
1. Thomas Hobbes argues for a social contract that justifies a monarchy on the basis of a useful fiction he refers to as the “state of nature.” Explain this useful fiction, and how Hobbes uses it to justify a social contract.
2. John Locke considers the human condition to be diametrically opposite to Thomas Hobbes. How does Locke portray the human condition, and how does he use it in order to argue for what legitimates a government.
3. John Stuart Mill argues that free speech is a necessary condition for any democracy. Why?
4. John Rawls argues that justice should be understood as fairness. To that end, he suggests two principles are necessary in order to have a just society and a third principle to augment the second one. Identify and explain these three principles.
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